This is used where the reference for number 3 is the same as number 2 you may need to add an updated page number next to this. You can also see from this example that ‘Ibid’ is written next to number 3. You can see that the superscript number is placed in the text and the corresponding information is given next to that number in the footnote.

The footnote should look something like this: To enter a footnote into your work, (assuming you are using Word for word processing your documents) place the cursor in your work where a reference is required, then select the references tab across the top of the page and select insert footnote. Remember that each referencing style will have different ways of correctly entering this information so check with your university’s referencing guide to be sure you do this correctly. This number is then duplicated in your footer at the bottom of the page with the information you would normally enter into a reference list. Instead, you place a superscript number after the corresponding information. Instead of the more commonly seen Harvard or APA referencing system, the in-text citation is not placed in brackets after the corresponding information.

The most common reference styles using footnotes within UK academia are OSCOLA, Chicago, Oxford and occasionally Turabian. Learning how to write footnotes will benefit you throughout your academic career and beyond, so take some time out to learn how it is done correctly. The two style must never overlap, and you may be penalised for putting supplementary material into an essay that has a footnoted reference style. The first is when referencing sources, the second comes in the form of additional, supplementary material that isn’t necessarily required in the main body of your essay. Footnotes within academic writing take two forms.

How to make footnotes in word perfect